The authors focused on the elements of the definition of crime of genocide on the example of the Holodomor and Russian military aggression against Ukraine. Article presents the relation between the concept of genocide and its definition established in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. However, the main aim of the article is to indicate particular similarities between actions of Stalin’s regime against Ukrainian nation during the Holodomor genocide and recent actions within Russian military aggression against Ukraine that are supported by genocidal propaganda and therefore, along with other aspects, constitute a crime of genocide.