The author considers the use of electronic means of communication in Eastern European countries and an indication of the threats to cyberspace and the measures ensuring its protection. The author aims to determine how the use of ICT affects the socio-economic development of Eastern European countries. In connection with the above, based on examples of cyberspace security breaches, consideration should be given to the effectiveness of actions taken to protect or minimize the negative consequences of attacks. The author answers the question of how important the cybersecurity policy in the context of the socio-economic development of Eastern European countries is. The author uses a formal-legal and comparative research method, which makes confirming the research hypothesis that socio-economic development is closely related to information and communication technologies possible. The research carried out has a special dimension as part of the evaluation of ICT development in Eastern European countries. Research methods include the analysis of materials: selected cases, and basic legal acts with the use of the literature on the subject.